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Sleep apnea in renal failure

M A Kraus1, R J Hamburger

  • 1Indiana University Medical Center, Indianapolis, USA.

Advances in Peritoneal Dialysis. Conference on Peritoneal Dialysis
|January 1, 1997
PubMed
Summary

Sleep apnea affects over 60% of patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD), often misdiagnosed. Effective treatments exist, and renal transplantation may even cure the condition.

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Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Pulmonology
  • Cardiology

Background:

  • Sleep apnea is highly prevalent in end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients.
  • Symptoms are often overlooked or misdiagnosed as uremia, depression, or insomnia.
  • Sleep apnea is linked to serious complications like hypertension and arrhythmias.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the literature on sleep apnea in ESRD patients.
  • To define its prevalence, associated morbidity, and treatment options.
  • To understand its impact on cardiac and cerebrovascular disease in dialysis patients.

Main Methods:

  • A comprehensive literature review was conducted.
  • Studies focusing on sleep apnea prevalence, complications, and treatments in ESRD patients were analyzed.
  • The impact of different renal replacement therapies was considered.

Main Results:

  • Sleep apnea occurs in at least 60% of ESRD patients.
  • Complications include arrhythmias, pulmonary and systemic hypertension, coronary artery disease, and stroke.
  • Renal replacement therapy modality may not significantly impact sleep apnea, though high-volume peritoneal dialysis could worsen it.

Conclusions:

  • Sleep apnea is likely under-diagnosed in dialysis patients.
  • It may contribute to increased morbidity and mortality in ESRD.
  • Potential therapies exist, and renal transplantation offers a curative option.

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