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Mumps orchitis: report of a mini-epidemic
R Casella1, B Leibundgut, K Lehmann
1Urologic Clinics, Department of Surgery, University Hospital, Basel, Switzerland.
The Journal of Urology
|November 20, 1997
Summary
Despite widespread vaccination, a recent increase in mumps orchitis cases highlights the need for continued vigilance. Mumps orchitis remains a concern, emphasizing ongoing vaccination efforts to prevent outbreaks and work towards eradication.
Area of Science:
- Infectious Diseases
- Virology
- Pediatrics
Background:
- Mumps orchitis incidence has significantly decreased due to mumps virus vaccination.
- A recent resurgence of mumps cases has been observed, prompting investigation into complications like orchitis.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze the clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients hospitalized with severe mumps orchitis.
- To assess the role of vaccination status in recent mumps orchitis cases.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective review of 11 hospitalized patients with severe mumps orchitis (June 1995 - April 1996).
- Data collected included medical history, treatment, and clinical outcomes.
- Mumps virus serology (IgG and IgM) was performed on available samples.
Main Results:
- All 11 patients presented with severe scrotal swelling and elevated C-reactive protein.
- Ten of 11 patients (91%) were unvaccinated or had unknown vaccination status.
- Mumps parotitis preceded orchitis in 82% of cases, with a mean interval of 10 days.
Conclusions:
- Mumps orchitis should remain a consideration in differential diagnoses for scrotal swelling, even in vaccinated populations.
- The study underscores that mumps has not been eradicated despite vaccination.
- Continued mumps virus vaccination is crucial for minimizing outbreaks and pursuing disease eradication.