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Bronchiectasis in pediatric AIDS

S Sheikh1, K Madiraju, P Steiner

  • 1Children's Medical Center, Health Science Center, State University of New York at Brooklyn, USA.

Chest
|November 21, 1997
PubMed
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This summary is machine-generated.

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Bronchiectasis occurs in over 15% of children with pediatric AIDS and lung disease. This condition is particularly common in those with lymphocytic interstitial pneumonitis and low CD4+ T-cell counts.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Pulmonology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Pulmonary complications are frequent in children with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection.
  • Bronchiectasis is an underreported pulmonary finding in pediatric HIV disease.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the occurrence of bronchiectasis in children with Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) and pneumonopathy.
  • To identify risk factors and associated conditions for bronchiectasis in this population.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective review of medical records of 164 children with AIDS and respiratory problems.
  • Diagnosis of bronchiectasis confirmed by chest radiograph, CT scan, and histology.

Main Results:

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  • Bronchiectasis was observed in 15.8% (26/164) of children with AIDS.
  • Higher incidence noted in children with lymphocytic interstitial pneumonitis (34.0%), unresolved pneumonia (27.7%), and recurrent pneumonia (12.5%).
  • All patients with available CD4+ T-cell counts (< 100 cells/mm³) developed bronchiectasis.

    • Conclusions:

    • Bronchiectasis is a significant pulmonary complication in children with AIDS.
    • Lymphocytic interstitial pneumonitis, recurrent/unresolved pneumonia, and severe immunosuppression (CD4+ < 100) are associated with increased risk.
    • Early recognition and management of bronchiectasis are crucial in pediatric AIDS patients.