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A simple method for automatically locating the nipple on mammograms

R Chandrasekhar1, Y Attikiouzel

  • 1Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Australia. gbercs@sgh.gov.sg

IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging
|November 22, 1997
PubMed
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This study presents a fast, accurate method for automatically locating the nipple on digital mammograms. The technique analyzes intensity gradients at the skin-air interface, achieving high precision for breast cancer screening.

Area of Science:

  • Medical Imaging
  • Radiology
  • Computer-Aided Diagnosis

Background:

  • Accurate nipple localization is crucial for consistent mammogram analysis.
  • Existing methods may lack speed, accuracy, or generalizability.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate a simple, fast, and accurate automated method for nipple detection on digitized mammograms.

Main Methods:

  • The method computes the average gradient of intensity normal to the segmented skin-air interface.
  • Nipple location is determined by analyzing changes and extrema in this gradient parameter.

Main Results:

  • The algorithm successfully located the nipple in 96% of tested mammograms (23 out of 24).
  • Root-mean-square error was below 1 mm at resolutions of 400-420 microns/pixel.

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Conclusions:

  • The proposed method is simple, fast, and accurate for automated nipple localization.
  • Its basis in mammographic intensity behavior and geometry suggests potential for widespread adoption.