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SPECT image analysis using statistical parametric mapping: comparison of technetium-99m-HMPAO and technetium-99m-ECD

J C Patterson1, T S Early, A Martin

  • 1Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Clinical Research Center, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston 77555-0428, USA.

Journal of Nuclear Medicine : Official Publication, Society of Nuclear Medicine
|November 28, 1997
PubMed
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Regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) differs between 99mTc-HMPAO and 99mTc-ECD tracers in normal individuals. SPECT imaging revealed distinct perfusion patterns, highlighting tracer-specific pharmacokinetic effects on brain imaging.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroimaging
  • Radiochemistry
  • Medical Diagnostics

Background:

  • Regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) is a critical indicator of brain function.
  • 99mTc-D,L-hexamethylpropylene amine oxide (99mTc-HMPAO) and 99mTc-ethylene-dicysteine diethylester (99mTc-ECD) are commonly used SPECT tracers for rCBF assessment.
  • Understanding tracer-specific differences is crucial for accurate interpretation of brain perfusion scans.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) patterns between normal individuals using two different SPECT tracers: 99mTc-HMPAO and 99mTc-ECD.
  • To identify and quantify apparent differences in brain perfusion attributable to the distinct pharmacokinetic properties of these radiotracers.

Main Methods:

  • SPECT imaging was performed on two groups of age-, sex-, and race-matched normal individuals (35 receiving 99mTc-HMPAO, 55 receiving 99mTc-ECD).

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  • Pre-imaging screening ensured participants were free from factors that could affect rCBF (drug use, head injury, etc.).
  • Quantitative analysis of SPECT scans was conducted using Statistical Parametric Mapping and Analyze software, employing intensity thresholding and spatial normalization to Talairach space.

    • Main Results:

    • Significant differences in rCBF were observed between the 99mTc-HMPAO and 99mTc-ECD groups.
    • The 99mTc-HMPAO group showed significantly lower rCBF in the parietal, occipital, and superior temporal cortices compared to the 99mTc-ECD group.
    • Conversely, the 99mTc-HMPAO group exhibited increased rCBF in subcortical nuclei, brain stem, hippocampus, and parts of the cerebellum relative to the 99mTc-ECD group.

    Conclusions:

    • A validated method for semiquantitative analysis of rCBF in SPECT images was presented.
    • The study demonstrates significant differences in measured rCBF between 99mTc-HMPAO and 99mTc-ECD, likely due to their differing pharmacokinetics.
    • These findings underscore the importance of considering tracer-specific characteristics when interpreting SPECT brain perfusion studies.