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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 26, 2026

Examining Recall Memory in Infancy and Early Childhood Using the Elicited Imitation Paradigm

Examining Recall Memory in Infancy and Early Childhood Using the Elicited Imitation Paradigm

Published on: April 28, 2016

Cognitive interviewing procedures and suggestibility in children's recall

B K Hayes¹, K Delamothe

¹Department of Psychology, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia. hayes@psychology.newcastle.edu.au

The Journal of Applied Psychology

|August 1, 1997

Summary

The cognitive interview enhanced children's recall accuracy. However, both age groups remained susceptible to misleading suggestions, regardless of the interview method used.

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Area of Science:

Psychology
Forensic Psychology
Child Development

Background:

Children's testimony is crucial in legal proceedings.
Children are vulnerable to suggestive questioning and memory distortions.
Effective interview techniques are needed to maximize accurate recall in child witnesses.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate the impact of cognitive interview (CI) techniques on children's recall accuracy.
To assess the influence of CI on children's susceptibility to misleading information.
To compare recall performance across different age groups of children.

Main Methods:

Children aged 5-7 and 9-11 years watched a videotaped story.
Participants received either misleading or neutral post-event information.
Recall was tested using free and cued recall after standard or CI instructions.

Main Results:

Cognitive interview instructions significantly improved overall recall accuracy for children.
Both younger and older children were susceptible to misleading suggestions.
Interview type did not influence the degree of susceptibility to misinformation.

Conclusions:

Cognitive interview is an effective method for enhancing children's memory recall.
Despite improved recall, children remain vulnerable to suggestion, necessitating careful interview practices.
Findings have implications for forensic interviewing of child witnesses to improve testimony reliability.