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Related Experiment Videos

Long-term contraception with norethindrone subcutaneous capsules

J Wiese, I L Marker, P Holma

    Annals of Clinical Research
    |April 1, 1976
    PubMed
    Summary

    Subcutaneous implants releasing norethindrone (NET) showed a high pregnancy rate, making them impractical for contraception. Despite this, the implants were well-accepted due to a long active lifespan and few side effects.

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    Area of Science:

    • Reproductive Medicine
    • Pharmacology
    • Biomaterials

    Background:

    • Subcutaneous implants offer a potential long-term drug delivery method for hormonal contraception.
    • Norethindrone (NET) is a progestin commonly used in hormonal contraceptives.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To evaluate the efficacy and acceptability of subcutaneous norethindrone implants for contraception.
    • To assess the relationship between implant length and pregnancy rates.

    Main Methods:

    • Norethindrone (NET) was incorporated into silicone rubber implants for subcutaneous insertion.
    • Implants varied in length from 100 mm to 200 mm, releasing NET at 10-12 mug/day/10 mm.
    • Pregnancy rates, ovulation suppression, and plasma NET levels were monitored over 562 women-months.

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    Main Results:

    • A total of 14 accidental pregnancies occurred, with pregnancy rates decreasing as implant length increased.
    • Ovulation suppression was transient, resolving within four to five cycles.
    • Stable plasma NET levels were achieved, lower than those from daily oral administration.
    • The method was well accepted with few minor side effects, and implants had a three-year active lifespan.

    Conclusions:

    • The high number of implants required and associated pregnancy rates render this specific norethindrone implant method impractical for contraception.
    • Despite efficacy limitations, the long duration of action and good tolerability suggest potential for improved formulations.