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Updated: Oct 4, 2026

Inverse Probability of Treatment Weighting (Propensity Score) using the Military Health System Data Repository and National Death Index
Published on: January 8, 2020
Historical controls and modern survival analysis
1Department of Biostatistics, University of Copenhagen, Denmark.
Abstract:
Comparison of observed mortality with 'known,' 'background,' or 'standard' rates has taken place for several hundred years. With the developments of regression models for survival data, an increasing interest has arisen in individualizing the standardisation using covariates of each individual. Also, account sometimes needs to be taken of random variation in the standard group. Emphasizing uses of the Cox regression model, this paper surveys a number of critical choices and pitfalls in this area. The methods are illustrated by comparing survival of liver patients after transplantation with survival after conservative treatment.
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