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RNA Splicing

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Splicing is the process by which eukaryotic RNA is edited before its translation into protein. The RNA strand transcribed from eukaryotic DNA is called the primary transcript. The primary transcripts that become mRNAs are called precursor messenger RNAs (pre-mRNAs). Eukaryotic pre-mRNA contains alternating sequences of exons and introns. Exons are nucleotide sequences that code for proteins, whereas introns are the non-coding regions. In RNA splicing, introns are removed and exons are bonded...

RNA Splicing

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Splicing is the process by which eukaryotic RNA is edited before its translation into protein. The RNA strand transcribed from eukaryotic DNA is called the primary transcript. The primary transcripts that become mRNAs are called precursor messenger RNAs (pre-mRNAs). Eukaryotic pre-mRNA contains alternating sequences of exons and introns. Exons are nucleotide sequences that code for proteins, whereas introns are the non-coding regions. In RNA splicing, introns are removed and exons are bonded...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 16, 2026

Isolation and Characterization of RNA-Containing Exosomes

Isolation and Characterization of RNA-Containing Exosomes

Published on: January 9, 2012

The exosome: a conserved eukaryotic RNA processing complex containing multiple 3'-->5' exoribonucleases

P Mitchell¹, E Petfalski, A Shevchenko

¹European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heidelberg, Germany.

|December 9, 1997

Summary

Researchers discovered the yeast exosome, a protein complex essential for RNA processing. This complex, comprising five key proteins, plays a crucial role in the 3' end processing of 5.8S ribosomal RNA.

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Isolation and Characterization of RNA-Containing Exosomes

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Analysis of RNA Processing Reactions Using Cell Free Systems: 3' End Cleavage of Pre-mRNA Substrates in vitro

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Area of Science:

Molecular Biology
Biochemistry
Genetics

Background:

The exosome is a protein complex found in eukaryotic cells.
Its function in RNA processing is critical for cellular function.

Purpose of the Study:

To identify and characterize the protein components of the yeast exosome.
To investigate the enzymatic activities and functional roles of the exosome in RNA processing.

Main Methods:

Protein complex isolation and identification in Saccharomyces cerevisiae (yeast).
Homology analysis with bacterial enzymes.
In vitro characterization of recombinant exosome proteins' enzymatic activities.
Functional assays involving RNA processing, specifically 5.8S rRNA maturation.

Main Results:

Identification of the yeast exosome complex, composed of five essential proteins: Rrp4p, Rrp41p, Rrp42p, Rrp43p, and Rrp44p (Dis3p).
Four exosome proteins show homology to bacterial 3'-->5' exoribonucleases.
Recombinant Rrp4p, Rrp44p, and Rrp41p exhibit distinct exoribonuclease activities (distributive, processive, phosphorolytic).
All exosome components are necessary for the 3' processing of 5.8S rRNA.
A homologous complex exists in humans, with human Rrp4p complementing yeast mutations.

Conclusions:

The yeast exosome is a conserved eukaryotic RNA processing complex.
The exosome plays a vital role in the maturation of ribosomal RNA.
The identified protein components and their activities provide insight into eukaryotic RNA metabolism.