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Related Experiment Videos

Exceptional convergent evolution in a virus

J J Bull1, M R Badgett, H A Wichman

  • 1Department of Zoology, Institute of Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Texas, Austin 78712, USA. bull@bull.zo.utexas.edu

Genetics
|December 31, 1997
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Bacteriophage phiX 174 evolution showed identical substitutions across replicate lineages adapting to high temperatures. Convergent evolution complicated phylogenetic reconstruction, obscuring the true evolutionary history.

Area of Science:

  • Evolutionary biology
  • Microbial genomics
  • Molecular evolution

Background:

  • Bacteriophages, like phiX 174, are viruses that infect bacteria and are valuable models for studying evolution.
  • High-temperature adaptation can drive rapid genetic changes in microbial populations.
  • Convergent evolution, where similar traits evolve independently, can complicate evolutionary analyses.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the patterns of genetic substitution during high-temperature adaptation in bacteriophage phiX 174.
  • To assess the impact of host environment on adaptive evolution and convergent substitutions.
  • To evaluate the challenges posed by convergent evolution to phylogenetic reconstruction.

Main Methods:

  • Propagating replicate lineages of bacteriophage phiX 174 under high-temperature conditions on specific bacterial hosts.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Sequencing the complete genomes of evolved phage lineages to identify nucleotide substitutions.
  • Analyzing substitution patterns for evidence of convergence across lineages and hosts.
  • Reconstructing phylogenetic trees using complete genome sequences and assessing their fit to the data.

    • Main Results:

    • High rates of identical, independent nucleotide substitutions were observed across replicate lineages.
    • Over half of the identified substitutions were identical across lineages, with many occurring at the same nucleotide sites.
    • Convergent substitutions were observed, some host-specific and others occurring across both hosts.
    • Phylogenetic reconstruction failed to recover the correct evolutionary history due to convergent changes, with the true history being a poor fit.
    • Substitution rates and fitness improvements were higher during initial adaptation, decreasing over time unless the host was changed.

    Conclusions:

    • Convergent evolution is a significant factor in bacteriophage adaptation, leading to similar genetic changes across independent lineages.
    • The high frequency of identical substitutions can obscure true evolutionary relationships, challenging phylogenetic inference.
    • Understanding convergent evolution is crucial for accurately reconstructing evolutionary histories, especially in rapidly adapting populations.