[Growth factors in the uterus are surveyed]

The central localisation of the uterus in the female body may be seen as reflecting its central function in human reproduction, though in rare cases pregnancy may be established even in the absence of uterus. The sex steroids are largely responsible for the central regulation of uterine function, and recent productive research has shown the significance of peptide growth factors for various physiological functions, including the development and repair of the endometrium during the menstrual cycle, as well as the adaptation and growth of the organ during pregnancy. The possible involvement of angiogenic peptides in endometrial neovascularisation is discussed, as is the significance of proto-oncogenes and growth factors for the development of uterine fibroids. Further development in this field may have a variety of clinical implications, including the possibility of promoting or inhibiting implantation by manipulation of endometrial angiogenesis.