Long-term and multigeneration toxicity studies with cyclohexylamine hydrochloride

Cyclohexylamine (CHA), the metabolite of cyclamate produced in varying degree by gastrointestinal microorganisms, was subjected to a 2-year multi-generation feeding study in rats, at dosages of 15, 50, 100, and 150 mg/kg/d. Observations included growth, feed efficiency, clinical and hematological tests, reproduction, teratology, mortality and gross and microscopic pathology. Rats from the first litters of each generation from F0 through F4 were mated to produce the next succeeding generation. Those from the second litters of F1 through F4 were also mated, half the dams being delivered by hysterotomy for teratological examination, while litters from the other half were raised to maturity. Except for some non-progressive growth retardation in the higher dosage groups, due to lower food consumption, the physical and clinical observations in the test groups fell substantially within normal limits and were not significantly different from the untreated controls. Reproduction rates were normal in all groups but at the higher dosages the size of the litters and their weaning weights were slightly reduced. At the 150 mg/kg level, histopathological examination revealed mucosal thickening of the bladder walls and evidence of renal calcification; however, no bladder tumors were seen, such as occurred in the chronic feeding study in which rats received 2500 mg/kg of a cyclamate: saccharin (10 : 1) mixture. A significantly higher incidence of testicular atrophy, characteristic of aged rats, was observed in the F0 group at the highest dosage level; however, these males continued to be fertile, in two cases up to 6 consecutive matings.