Structural alterations in the TMJ disk in patients surgically treated for internal derangements (ADD)

Twenty-eight patients with temporomandibular dysfunction problem have been subjected to diskectomy unilaterally. The diagnosis was in 23 patients ADD (anterior disk displacement) without reduction and in another five ADD with reduction. The disk was removed in total according to a routine procedure. Surgical observation of a firm connection between the inferior surface of the disk and the condylar head was noted in eighteen patients. The disk tissue was orientated on a cork sheet according to its position in the fossa and subjected to histological examination. Histopathological analysis showed that the posterior attachment was a considerable part of the specimen in 12 out of 28 disks. Splitting of the disk was confined to the inferior surface. Chondrocytes were found close to the inferior surface. Surface irregularities, tags, were noticed on the inferior surface in thirteen cases. However, cellular signs of inflammation were found in the retrodiskal tissue in eight cases.