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[Wilms' tumor: reached progress and future prospects]

P Tamaro1

  • 1Ospedale Inf. Burlo Garofolo, Clinica Pediatrica Università di Trieste.

Archivio Italiano Di Urologia, Andrologia : Organo Ufficiale [Di] Societa Italiana Di Ecografia Urologica E Nefrologica
|January 7, 1998
PubMed
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Wilms tumor survival has dramatically improved due to collaborative research and tailored treatments. Advances in pediatric oncology, including chemotherapy and surgical techniques, have significantly enhanced outcomes for children with this rare kidney cancer.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Oncology
  • Nephrology
  • Cancer Genetics

Context:

  • Wilms tumor is the most common pediatric kidney malignancy.
  • Historically, survival rates were very low, but have dramatically improved.
  • International collaborative efforts are crucial for studying rare pediatric cancers.

Purpose:

  • To review the historical progress and current strategies in Wilms tumor treatment.
  • To highlight the importance of multidisciplinary approaches and risk stratification.
  • To discuss advancements in understanding the genetic basis and prognostic factors of Wilms tumor.

Summary:

  • Multimodal treatment, including surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy, has transformed Wilms tumor prognosis.
  • Risk stratification based on histology, stage, and molecular markers optimizes treatment and minimizes toxicity.

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  • Collaborative study groups (e.g., NWTSG, SIOP) have been instrumental in gathering data and advancing research for this rare disease.

    • Impact:

    • Current survival rates exceed 95%, with ongoing efforts to further reduce relapse and long-term side effects.
    • Understanding genetic factors like 1p and 16q LOH is improving prognostic accuracy.
    • Wilms tumor serves as a model for multimodal treatment strategies in pediatric solid tumors.