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Microstructural changes in bone of HA-coated implants

M Ogiso1, Y Yamashita, T Matsumoto

  • 1Department of Fixed Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Japan.

Journal of Biomedical Materials Research
|January 16, 1998
PubMed
Summary
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Hydroxyapatite (HA) coating on implants weakens over time due to increased crystallization in its glassy phase. This progression leads to stress accumulation and implant weakening, impacting long-term durability.

Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Orthopedic Research
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Hydroxyapatite (HA)-coated implants previously showed decreased push-out values compared to dense HA implants over time.
  • This weakening was attributed to the degradation of the HA coating relative to dense HA.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the histological mechanisms behind HA coating weakening in implants.
  • To understand how HA coating degradation occurs in vivo using dog bone models.

Main Methods:

  • Histological examination of HA-coated implants retrieved from dog bone.
  • Utilized Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) to analyze coating microstructure.
  • Compared coating structure at different time points post-implantation.

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Main Results:

  • The crystal phase of the HA coating remained largely unchanged post-implantation.
  • The amorphous glassy phase underwent progressive crystallization over time.
  • Crystallization initiated at the surface within 3 weeks and progressed deeper, affecting most of the glassy phase by 10 months.

Conclusions:

  • Progressive crystallization in the glassy phase of HA coatings is the primary cause of implant weakening.
  • This crystallization induces stress accumulation, particularly at the substrate-coating interface.
  • The findings highlight a critical factor affecting the long-term stability and efficacy of HA-coated implants.