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Lingual osteoma: a debatable entity

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¹School of Dental Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Israel.

Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery : Official Journal of the American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons

|January 23, 1998

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Osseous lesions of the tongue are a diverse group, potentially arising from developmental issues, trauma, or irritation. A new term, "osseous tumorlike lesion of the tongue," is proposed for better classification.

Area of Science:

Oral pathology
Skeletal biology
Histopathology

Background:

Osseous lesions of the tongue are rare and present diverse clinical and histological features.
Understanding their pathogenesis and accurate terminology is crucial for diagnosis and management.

Observation:

A review of 38 cases from literature and 2 new cases revealed a female predilection (2.3:1) with a mean age of 31.4 years.
Lesions predominantly occurred in the posterior dorsum (67.5%) and lateral margins (25%) of the tongue.
Histologically, they present as well-circumscribed masses of vital bone beneath the epithelium, with new cases showing a mix of woven and mature bone.

Findings:

The etiology is heterogeneous, encompassing developmental malformations, reactive lesions post-trauma/irritation, true neoplasms, and choristomas.

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Lesion size varied from 0.5 to 5.0 cm, with some cases reporting growth over time.

Histological examination, including polarized light microscopy, aids in characterizing the bone type.

Implications:

The findings suggest that a unified descriptive term, 'osseous tumorlike lesion of the tongue,' may be more appropriate for this heterogeneous group.
This proposed terminology could improve diagnostic clarity and communication among clinicians and researchers.
Further research into the specific etiologies and biological behavior of these lesions is warranted.