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Adipocyte differentiation and leptin expression

C S Hwang1, T M Loftus, S Mandrup

  • 1Department of Biological Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University Medical School, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA.

Annual Review of Cell and Developmental Biology
|January 1, 1997
PubMed
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Adipose tissue, or body fat, is crucial for energy storage and metabolism regulation. Research highlights adipocytes

Area of Science:

  • Metabolic Regulation
  • Cellular Biology
  • Endocrinology

Background:

  • Adipose tissue serves as the body's primary energy reserve.
  • Recent findings reveal adipocytes actively regulate overall energy metabolism.
  • Adipose tissue is highly responsive to hormonal and paracrine signals.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the role of adipocytes as global regulators of energy metabolism.
  • To discuss the hormonal and transcriptional control of adipocyte differentiation.
  • To examine the function of leptin and other adipocyte-secreted factors in maintaining adipose homeostasis.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current research on adipose tissue function and regulation.
  • Analysis of endocrine and paracrine signaling pathways affecting adipocytes.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Discussion of transcription factors (C/EBP, PPAR) involved in adipocyte differentiation.
  • Identification and role of the obese gene and its product, leptin.

    • Main Results:

    • Adipocytes are key regulators of energy metabolism, beyond energy storage.
    • Hormones like insulin, glucagon, glucocorticoids, and TNF-α influence adipocyte function.
    • Transcription factors, including C/EBP and PPAR families, orchestrate adipocyte differentiation.
    • Leptin, encoded by the obese gene, is vital for regulating energy intake and expenditure.

    Conclusions:

    • Adipocytes play a central role in systemic energy homeostasis.
    • Adipocyte differentiation is a complex process controlled by specific transcription factors.
    • Leptin and other adipocyte-derived factors are critical for metabolic balance.