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Temporal pattern formation by heterochronic genes

F Slack1, G Ruvkun

  • 1Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.

Annual Review of Genetics
|January 1, 1997
PubMed
Summary
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Heterochrony, the variation in developmental timing, is controlled by genetic pathways similar to spatial patterning mechanisms. These pathways, like the lin-4 gene in C. elegans, regulate protein levels for precise cell fate coordination.

Area of Science:

  • Developmental Biology
  • Evolutionary Genetics

Background:

  • Heterochrony, the evolutionary variation in the timing of developmental events, is observed across species.
  • Genetic loci influencing developmental timing suggest roles in evolutionary change.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the genetic control of temporal patterning in development.
  • To understand the molecular mechanisms underlying heterochrony.

Main Methods:

  • Genetic analysis of heterochronic mutations in *Caenorhabditis elegans*.
  • Examination of gene regulatory cascades and protein level changes.

Main Results:

  • Developmental timing is controlled by genetic pathways analogous to spatial patterning mechanisms.

Related Experiment Videos

  • The *C. elegans* heterochronic gene pathway involves a regulatory cascade controlling LIN-14 and LIN-28 protein levels.
  • Posttranscriptional regulation by the *lin-4* gene's antisense RNA mediates temporal control.

    • Conclusions:

    • Heterochronic genes in *C. elegans* coordinate cell fate timing through a conserved genetic pathway.
    • Hormonal signaling is involved in developmental timing, with heterochronic genes identified in both nematodes and vertebrates.