[Genes and enzymes of the xenobiotic-metabolizing system in cancer pathology]

The paper presents the results of study on polymorfisms of xenobiotic biotransformation enzymes (CYP1A1, glutathione S-transferase MI and N-acetyltransferase 2) and p53 tumor suppressor protein in patients with lung, stomach and intestine cancer. The frequency of CYP1A1-Val allele in all studied cancer groups was 3 to 5 times higher than in healthy control group. The carriers of homozygous glutathione S-transferase M1 gene deletion and slow acetylator phenotype were also of higher lung cancer risk. The substantial increase in slow acetylator phenotype frequency was shown also in the group of intestine cancer patients. The p53 Arg/Pro polymorphism study revealed the elevated frequency of Arg allele in lung and stomach cancer groups. The risk of lung cancer for the carriers of susceptible alleles depended on the age and smoking status of the patients. The results testify to a high possibility of studied polymorphic genes to be the markers of susceptibility to oncopathologies.