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Related Experiment Videos

Variability in size distribution measurements obtained using multiple Andersen Mark II cascade impactors

S W Stein1, B A Olson

  • 13M Pharmaceuticals, 3M Center, St. Paul, MN 55144-1000, USA.

Pharmaceutical Research
|February 7, 1998
PubMed
Summary

Andersen Mark II cascade impactors show significant differences in stage cutpoints, leading to variations in pharmaceutical aerosol size distribution measurements. Measuring jet diameters can predict individual impactor performance.

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Area of Science:

  • Pharmaceutical technology
  • Aerosol science
  • Particle characterization

Background:

  • Andersen Mark II cascade impactors are standard for pharmaceutical aerosol testing.
  • Reproducibility of size distribution measurements is critical for drug delivery and efficacy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the reproducibility of size distribution measurements using Andersen Mark II cascade impactors.
  • To investigate theoretical and experimental variations among different Mark II impactor units.

Main Methods:

  • Calculated stage cutpoints for 14 impactors based on jet diameter measurements.
  • Predicted size distribution differences using calculated cutpoints.
  • Experimentally verified predicted differences using an oleic acid aerosol with 5 impactors.

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Main Results:

  • Stage cutpoints varied up to 0.45 microns between 'identical' stages of different impactors.
  • Significant differences in measured size distributions were observed both theoretically and experimentally.
  • Material collection on Stage 6 varied from 26.8% to 40.9% depending on the impactor used.

Conclusions:

  • Substantial variations in stage cutpoints exist among Andersen Mark II impactors.
  • These variations lead to significant differences in aerosol size distribution measurements.
  • Measuring jet diameters allows for the prediction of individual impactor performance.