Related Experiment Video
Updated: May 8, 2026
Ultrasound Based Assessment of Coronary Artery Flow and Coronary Flow Reserve Using the Pressure Overload Model in Mice
Published on: April 13, 2015
Changes in right ventricular filling dynamics during left anterior descending, left circumflex and right coronary
F Fabbiocchi1, C Galli, P Sganzerla
1Istituto di Cardiologia dell'Universitá degli Studi di Milano, Fondazione I. Monzino IRCCS, Milan Italy.
Insights
Transient coronary artery occlusion during angioplasty causes temporary diastolic dysfunction in both left and right ventricles. This effect is observed regardless of which coronary artery is occluded, resolving quickly after blood flow is restored.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Cardiovascular Physiology
Background:
- Percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) involves temporary coronary artery occlusion, which can lead to left ventricular diastolic dysfunction.
- The impact of such occlusions on right ventricular diastolic function is less understood.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the effect of temporary balloon occlusion of the left anterior descending (LAD), left circumflex (LCx), and right coronary arteries (RCA) on right ventricular diastolic function.
- To assess simultaneous changes in both left and right ventricular diastolic function during brief coronary occlusion.
Main Methods:
- Thirty-five patients with single-vessel coronary artery disease underwent 60-second balloon occlusions of the LAD, LCx, or RCA.
- Left and right ventricular filling pressures were monitored using hemodynamic monitoring and Doppler echocardiography.
- Doppler analysis included peak early (PFVE) and late (PFVA) ventricular filling velocities and their ratio (PFVE/PFVA).
Main Results:
- Balloon inflation significantly increased left and right ventricular filling pressures in all groups (P < 0.05).
- Within 20 seconds of occlusion, significant impairment in ventricular filling was observed, with decreased PFVE and PFVE/PFVA ratio in both ventricles.
- These diastolic function parameters returned to baseline within 30 seconds after balloon deflation.
Conclusions:
- Brief coronary artery occlusion during PTCA induces simultaneous diastolic dysfunction in both the left and right ventricles.
- This diastolic dysfunction is independent of the specific coronary artery occluded (LAD, LCx, or RCA).
- The observed diastolic impairment is transient and reversible upon reperfusion.
Aim:
Transient coronary artery occlusion during percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty may cause left ventricular diastolic dysfunction. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of left anterior descending, left circumflex and right coronary artery balloon occlusion on right ventricular diastolic function.
Methods:
Thirty-five patients with single-vessel coronary artery disease and no previous myocardial infarction were selected. Left and right ventricular filling pressures were monitored by Doppler echocardiography and haemodynamic monitoring. This was performed during and immediately after 60 s of coronary balloon occlusion of the left anterior descending artery in 21 cases (Group 1), the left circumflex artery in eight cases (Group 2) and the right coronary artery in six cases (Group 3). Doppler analysis of left and right ventricular filling included peak velocity of early (PFVE) and late ventricular filling (PFVA) and PFVE to PFVA ratio (PFVE/PFVA).
Results:
In all three groups, balloon inflation induced a significant increase in left and right filling pressures (P < 0.05). No qualitative difference in haemodynamic changes was found between groups during inflation. Significant impairment in the Doppler pattern of left and right ventricular filling occurred after 20 s of coronary occlusion: PFVE values in mitral and tricuspid valves decreased by 14% and 25% in Group 1, 13% and 25% in Group 2, and 10% and 21% in Group 3, respectively, as PFVA remained unchanged in all groups, the PFVE/PFVA ratio of mitral and tricuspid valve flows significantly decreased (Group 1: -12% and -20%, Group 2: -10% and -21%, Group 3: -14% and -21%, respectively). All parameters returned to baseline within 30 s after each balloon deflation.
Conclusion:
Our data suggest that brief episodes of acute myocardial ischaemia, such as those induced by 60 s of coronary artery occlusion during percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty, elicit simultaneous diastolic dysfunction of both ventricles, independent of the coronary artery involved.
More Related Videos
07:56Closed Chest Biventricular Pressure-Volume Loop Recordings with Admittance Catheters in a Porcine Model
Published on: May 18, 2021
05:25Surgical Porcine Model of Chronic Myocardial Ischemia Treated by Exosome-laden Collagen Patch and Off-pump Coronary Artery Bypass Graft
Published on: September 15, 2023
Related Concept Videos
01:21Coronary Circulation
Coronary circulation begins at the base of the aorta, where two main arteries arise—the left and right coronary arteries. These arteries encircle the heart in the coronary sulcus and supply the...
01:22Mitral Stenosis I: Introduction