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Avoidable cancers in the Nordic countries. Occupation

L Dreyer1, A Andersen, E Pukkala

  • 1Institute of Cancer Epidemiology, Danish Cancer Society.

APMIS. Supplementum
|January 1, 1997
PubMed
Summary
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Occupational carcinogens cause significant cancer cases, particularly in men. Eliminating industrial carcinogens could prevent a substantial proportion of mesotheliomas and respiratory cancers.

Area of Science:

  • Occupational Health
  • Environmental Carcinogenesis
  • Public Health Epidemiology

Background:

  • Numerous chemicals in occupational settings are linked to human cancers.
  • Industrial processes and occupations show convincing associations with increased cancer rates, though specific agents are often unidentified.
  • Target tissues include respiratory and urinary tracts, mesothelium, bone marrow, and liver.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To estimate the future cancer burden attributable to verified industrial carcinogens in Nordic countries.
  • To quantify the potential cancer cases preventable by eliminating industrial carcinogens.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of exposure data for verified industrial carcinogens in Nordic countries (1970-84).
  • Projection of cancer incidence around the year 2000 based on estimated exposures.

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  • Calculation of avoidable cancer proportions for various cancer types.

    • Main Results:

    • Approximately 4 million individuals in Nordic countries were potentially exposed to industrial carcinogens between 1970-84.
    • An estimated 1,900 new cancer cases annually (around 2000) were linked to these exposures, predominantly in men.
    • Significant proportions of mesotheliomas (70%) and nasal cavity/sinus cancers (20%) could be avoided.

    Conclusions:

    • Verified industrial carcinogens are estimated to account for about 3% of all male cancers and <0.1% of female cancers in Nordic countries around 2000.
    • Elimination of industrial carcinogens offers substantial potential for cancer prevention, especially for specific cancer types.
    • Further research is needed to assess the impact of suspected carcinogens in the workplace.