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Ocular tuberculosis in a horse

P S Leifsson1, S N Olsen, S Larsen

  • 1Department of Pharmacology and Pathobiology, The Royal Veterinary and Agricultural University, Frederiksberg C, Denmark.

The Veterinary Record
|February 18, 1998
PubMed
Summary
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This study details the first case of systemic tuberculosis affecting a horse's eyes, leading to blindness and euthanasia. Mycobacterium avium caused widespread granulomatous lesions, particularly in the heart and eyes.

Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Ophthalmology
  • Equine Pathology
  • Mycobacterial Infections

Background:

  • Systemic tuberculosis is rare in horses.
  • Ocular involvement in equine tuberculosis has not been previously documented.
  • Mycobacterium avium is a common cause of tuberculosis in various animal species.

Observation:

  • A horse presented with progressive vision loss and poor body condition.
  • Ophthalmic examination revealed bilateral granulomatous uveitis.
  • Necropsy confirmed disseminated Mycobacterium avium infection.

Findings:

  • Pathological examination revealed bilateral mycobacterial granulomatous uveitis.
  • Unilateral retinal detachment and necrosis were observed.
  • Disseminated granulomatous foci were found in multiple organs, including the myocardium, lungs, lymph nodes, kidneys, liver, pancreas, colon, and serosal surfaces.

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  • Lesions were most extensive in the myocardium.

    • Implications:

    • This case highlights the potential for Mycobacterium avium to cause severe ocular disease in horses.
    • Systemic tuberculosis should be considered in horses with unexplained vision loss and systemic illness.
    • Further research into equine tuberculosis diagnostics and treatment is warranted.