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Clinical profile and outcome in 52 patients with cardiac pseudoaneurysm

T C Yeo1, J F Malouf, J K Oh

  • 1Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.

Annals of Internal Medicine
|February 21, 1998
PubMed

Insights

Cardiac pseudoaneurysm, a contained rupture, can be asymptomatic or present with various symptoms. Surgical repair is often preferred, but conservative management may be suitable for high-risk patients as no further ruptures were observed.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Cardiac Surgery
  • Cardiovascular Research

Background:

  • Cardiac pseudoaneurysm, a form of contained cardiac rupture, poses a risk of further rupture.
  • Limited data exists on the clinical profile and natural history of cardiac pseudoaneurysm.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the clinical features and patient outcomes associated with cardiac pseudoaneurysm.
  • To analyze the natural history and management strategies for cardiac pseudoaneurysm.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 52 patients diagnosed with cardiac pseudoaneurysm between 1980 and 1996.
  • Data collected from Mayo Clinic locations, including patient demographics, clinical presentation, diagnostic methods, etiology, location, and treatment outcomes.

Main Results:

  • 48% of patients were asymptomatic at diagnosis; presentations included acute myocardial infarction, cardiac tamponade, heart failure, chest pain, syncope, and embolism.
  • Pseudoaneurysm etiology was linked to cardiac surgery (58%) or myocardial infarction (42%).
  • Surgical repair was performed in 81% of patients with a 7% mortality rate; 19% received conservative management. No further ruptures occurred.

Conclusions:

  • A significant proportion of cardiac pseudoaneurysm cases are asymptomatic.
  • While surgical repair is the primary treatment, conservative management is a viable option for select patients with high surgical risk, given the absence of rupture-related deaths.
Abstract

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