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Related Experiment Videos

Sequence and characterization of phocine interleukin 2

L K Shoda1, W C Brown, A C Rice-Ficht

  • 1Department of Wildlife and Fisheries Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station 77843-2258, USA.

Journal of Wildlife Diseases
|February 26, 1998
PubMed
Summary

Researchers characterized northern elephant seal interleukin 2 (IL-2) to enhance cellular immune response assessments in seals. This study found high sequence identity with other species, indicating conserved biological function and enabling cross-species immune studies.

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Marine Mammal Biology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Cellular immune responses are crucial for marine mammal health.
  • Assessing immune function in seals requires species-specific molecular tools.
  • Interleukin 2 (IL-2) is a key cytokine in regulating immune responses.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize the interleukin 2 (IL-2) gene and protein from the northern elephant seal (Mirounga angustirostris).
  • To evaluate the conservation of IL-2 across pinniped and other mammalian species.
  • To establish a foundation for assessing cellular immune responses in seals.

Main Methods:

  • Cloning and sequencing of IL-2 cDNA from northern elephant seal RNA using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).

Related Experiment Videos

  • Bioinformatic analysis comparing nucleotide and amino acid sequences with other mammalian IL-2.
  • RT-PCR to determine IL-2 mRNA expression kinetics following concanavalin A (Con A) stimulation.
  • Genomic DNA cloning and sequencing from multiple pinniped species.

    • Main Results:

    • A 658 bp cDNA sequence encoding a 154 amino acid polypeptide, including a putative 20 amino acid signal peptide, was identified.
    • Northern elephant seal IL-2 showed high nucleotide (up to 93%) and amino acid (up to 88%) identity with canine and feline IL-2.
    • Critical residues for IL-2 biological activity and receptor binding were conserved across species.
    • IL-2 mRNA expression peaked within 8 hours of Con A stimulation in northern elephant seal lymphocytes.
    • Genomic IL-2 sequences were nearly identical among northern elephant seal, harbor seal, and California sea lion.

    Conclusions:

    • The characterized northern elephant seal IL-2 is highly conserved among pinnipeds, suggesting functional similarity.
    • Probes derived from northern elephant seal IL-2 are likely effective for studying IL-2 in other pinniped species.
    • This characterization provides a valuable tool for comparative immunology and immune response assessment in marine mammals.