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Overview of protease inhibitors
1School of Pharmacy, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond 23298-0533, USA. Apakyz@gems.vcu.edu
Journal of the American Pharmaceutical Association (Washington, D.C. : 1996)
|February 28, 1998
Summary
Protease inhibitors significantly improve HIV treatment outcomes and mortality, but careful monitoring for side effects, resistance, and drug interactions is crucial for effective regimens.
Area of Science:
- Pharmacology
- Infectious Diseases
- HIV/AIDS Therapeutics
Background:
- Review of four available protease inhibitors: saquinavir, ritonavir, indinavir, and nelfinavir.
- Exploration of surrogate markers for HIV disease and resistance to protease inhibitor therapy.
- Inclusion of dosing, pharmacokinetics, studies, adverse effects, and drug interactions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To provide a comprehensive review of current protease inhibitors for HIV treatment.
- To inform practicing pharmacists about key aspects of protease inhibitor therapy.
- To discuss challenges including resistance, toxicity, and drug interactions.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of MEDLINE database and conference abstracts.
- Analysis of product labeling and available drug information up to July 1997.
- Selection of relevant English-language publications for practicing pharmacists.
Main Results:
- Limited published data, particularly on randomized controlled trials and treatment guidelines.
- Reliance on product information and abstract-only trial data.
- Ongoing evaluation of protease inhibitors regarding therapy, resistance, and toxicity.
Conclusions:
- Protease inhibitors have transformed HIV treatment, improving surrogate markers and mortality.
- Optimism is balanced by concerns regarding toxicity, resistance, drug interactions, and cost.
- Effective regimens require vigilant monitoring for compliance, adverse effects, and interactions.