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Related Experiment Videos

Plant genome values: how much do we know?

M D Bennett1

  • 1Jodrell Laboratory, Royal Botanic Gardens Kew, Richmond, Surrey TW9 3DS, United Kingdom.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
|March 21, 1998
PubMed
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Plant genome research is crucial for understanding biodiversity and conservation. Significant gaps in knowledge, particularly regarding angiosperm DNA C values and chromosome counts, necessitate urgent international collaboration and data collection.

Area of Science:

  • Botany
  • Genomics
  • Conservation Biology

Background:

  • Plants form the foundation of terrestrial life, underscoring the importance of plant genome research.
  • Significant knowledge gaps exist in angiosperm (flowering plant) genome variability, gene counts, and species diversity.
  • Over 70% of angiosperm species lack chromosome counts, and DNA C values are known for only about 1% of species, hindering comprehensive understanding.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the critical need for plant genome initiatives and identify priorities for research and data collection.
  • To underscore the vast unknown variability within the angiosperm genome and the potential loss of genetic resources.
  • To emphasize the necessity of filling knowledge gaps in plant karyotypic and DNA C value data.

Main Methods:

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  • Reviewing existing knowledge gaps in plant genome data, including chromosome counts and DNA C values.
  • Reporting on newly identified relationships between genome size and traits relevant to plant breeding and environmental studies.
  • Documenting international collaborative efforts initiated in 1997 to address these data deficiencies.

Main Results:

  • Identified substantial gaps in karyotypic knowledge, with over 70% of angiosperm species lacking chromosome counts.
  • Revealed that DNA C values are known for a small, unrepresentative 1% of angiosperms.
  • Established links between genome size and important plant breeding and environmental characteristics, emphasizing the need for more data.

Conclusions:

  • Urgent international collaboration and data generation are required to address critical gaps in plant genome information.
  • Initiatives like the Angiosperm DNA C value database and Kew's Millennium Seed Bank are vital for conservation and research.
  • Conserving plant genetic diversity is paramount, especially given the risk of species extinction before discovery and characterization.