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Esophageal varices: evaluation with transabdominal US
1Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.
Radiology
|March 12, 1998
Summary
Transabdominal ultrasound (US) effectively screens for esophageal varices in patients with liver disease. This non-invasive method detects thickened esophageal walls and irregular surfaces, aiding early diagnosis.
Area of Science:
- Gastroenterology
- Radiology
- Medical Imaging
Background:
- Esophageal varices are a serious complication of liver cirrhosis and idiopathic portal hypertension.
- Early detection is crucial for preventing life-threatening bleeding.
Purpose of the Study:
- To assess the clinical utility of transabdominal ultrasound (US) for detecting esophageal varices.
- To determine if US findings correlate with endoscopic and angiographic diagnoses.
Main Methods:
- Transabdominal US was performed on 47 patients with liver cirrhosis or idiopathic portal hypertension.
- Measurements included esophageal wall thickness and surface irregularity.
- Color and pulsed Doppler assessed blood flow in the esophageal wall.
Main Results:
- Patients with varices had significantly thicker esophageal walls (mean 5.7 mm vs. 3.6 mm).
- Irregular wall surfaces and hepatofugal venous flow were observed in patients with varices.
- Diagnostic criteria (wall thickness ≥5 mm or irregular surface) yielded 93% sensitivity, 82% specificity, and 89% accuracy.
Conclusions:
- Transabdominal US is a valuable tool for screening esophageal varices.
- Routine observation of the intraabdominal esophagus during abdominal US is recommended for patients with chronic liver disease.