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Clinical reasoning case studies as teaching tools

M E Neistadt1, J Wight, S E Mulligan

  • 1Occupational Therapy Department, School of Health and Human Services, University of New Hampshire, Durham 03824-3563, USA.

The American Journal of Occupational Therapy : Official Publication of the American Occupational Therapy Association
|March 12, 1998
PubMed
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Clinical reasoning case studies enhance occupational therapy students' intervention plans and understanding of the clinical reasoning process. Students preferred these new case studies over traditional ones, finding them more effective for learning.

Area of Science:

  • Occupational therapy education
  • Clinical reasoning pedagogy

Background:

  • Case studies are a common method for teaching clinical reasoning to occupational therapy students.
  • Traditional paper case studies, videotape cases, simulated, and real client cases have been described.
  • This study introduces and evaluates a novel type of paper case study: the clinical reasoning case study.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the effectiveness of clinical reasoning case studies in teaching the clinical reasoning process to occupational therapy students.
  • To compare the impact of clinical reasoning case studies versus traditional medical model case studies on student learning outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • Four senior undergraduate occupational therapy students participated in the study.
  • Students developed intervention plans in response to both traditional and clinical reasoning paper case studies.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Qualitative methods, including analysis of intervention plans and videotaped discussions, were employed.

    • Main Results:

    • Clinical reasoning case studies led to higher quality intervention plans compared to traditional case studies.
    • Participants reported increased confidence in their intervention plans and a better understanding of the clinical reasoning process.
    • Students expressed a preference for clinical reasoning case studies over traditional paper case studies.

    Conclusions:

    • Clinical reasoning case studies are effective teaching tools, offering a holistic client view and modeling the clinical reasoning process.
    • These case studies organize client information aligned with clinical reasoning types, aiding learning.
    • Occupational therapy educators can utilize clinical reasoning case studies to introduce students to intervention planning.