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Emerging infections in Australia

M H Beaman1

  • 1University of Western Australia.

Annals of the Academy of Medicine, Singapore
|March 12, 1998
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

New infectious agents and expanding distributions of known pathogens are emerging in Australia. Antibiotic resistance is also increasing, posing significant public health challenges.

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Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Microbiology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Emergence of novel infectious agents in Australia over the past decade.
  • Geographical expansion of previously identified pathogens in the last 20 years.
  • Rise of multidrug-resistant bacteria due to widespread antibiotic use.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To document the emergence and spread of infectious agents in Australia.
  • To highlight the increasing threat of antibiotic-resistant bacteria.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review and surveillance data analysis.
  • Identification of novel and previously described etiological agents.
  • Tracking geographical distribution and antimicrobial resistance patterns.

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Main Results:

  • Identification of Equine Morbillivirus, Lyssavirus, Barmah Forest Virus, Rickettsia honei, and novel bunyaviruses causing human disease.
  • Increased geographic range of Japanese B Encephalitis virus, Dengue virus, Ross River virus, Orientia tsutsugamushi, Rickettsia australis, Burkholderia pseudomallei, Mycobacterium ulcerans, and Trichinella pseudospiralis.
  • Prevalence of multidrug-resistant bacteria including MRSA, ESBL-producing gram-negative bacteria, penicillin-resistant pneumococci, and VRE.

Conclusions:

  • Australia faces a growing burden of infectious diseases from both novel and established agents.
  • Antimicrobial resistance is a significant and escalating threat, particularly in healthcare settings.
  • Continuous surveillance and infection control strategies are crucial to manage these evolving public health risks.