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The T-box gene family

V E Papaioannou1, L M Silver

  • 1Department of Genetics and Development, College of Physicians and Surgeons of Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA. vep1@columbia.edu

Bioessays : News and Reviews in Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology
|March 21, 1998
PubMed
Summary

A newly discovered T-box gene family is crucial for animal development across species. Mutations in these ancient genes cause severe developmental defects, highlighting their essential roles from egg to organogenesis.

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Area of Science:

  • Developmental Biology
  • Genetics
  • Evolutionary Biology

Background:

  • A novel family of transcription factors, the T-box family, has been identified.
  • These factors are characterized by homology to the Brachyury (T locus) gene's DNA binding domain.
  • Phylogenetic studies indicate an ancient origin predating metazoan divergence.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current understanding of T-box genes and their functions.
  • To highlight the critical role of T-box genes in the development of diverse animal species.
  • To summarize known mutations and their developmental consequences.

Main Methods:

  • Phylogenetic analysis to establish evolutionary origins.
  • Genome-wide identification of T-box genes in various model organisms.
  • Functional analysis of T-box gene family members.

Main Results:

  • T-box genes are conserved across a wide range of animal species, including C. elegans, Drosophila, mouse, and human.
  • Functional studies reveal diverse roles in developmental processes from early embryogenesis to organogenesis.
  • Known mutations in T-box genes lead to severe developmental abnormalities, including embryonic lethality and human developmental syndromes.

Conclusions:

  • The T-box gene family plays a fundamental and ancient role in animal development.
  • Further research into T-box gene function is essential for understanding developmental processes and associated disorders.
  • The conservation and critical roles of T-box genes underscore their importance in evolutionary and developmental biology.

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