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Human pythiosis

M Thianprasit1, A Chaiprasert, P Imwidthaya

  • 1Department of Dermatology, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.

Current Topics in Medical Mycology
|December 1, 1996
PubMed
Summary

Pythiosis, a granulomatous disease caused by Pythium insidiosum, affects animals and humans. Treatment varies by clinical form, with surgery being key for vascular and ophthalmic cases.

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Area of Science:

  • Mycology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Veterinary Medicine

Background:

  • Pythiosis is a rare but serious granulomatous disease caused by the oomycete Pythium insidiosum.
  • It primarily affects animals like horses, cattle, dogs, and cats, but human cases have been documented.
  • The disease presents in cutaneous/subcutaneous, systemic/vascular, or ophthalmic forms.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the clinical presentation, diagnosis, and treatment of human pythiosis.
  • To highlight the challenges in treating this infection and emphasize the importance of early diagnosis and appropriate therapy.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of published cases of human pythiosis.
  • Analysis of clinical presentations, diagnostic methods, and treatment outcomes.

Main Results:

  • Twenty-eight human cases of pythiosis have been reported globally, with 23 originating from Thailand.
  • Systemic antibiotics and antimycotics show limited efficacy.
  • Potassium iodide (KI) solution is beneficial for subcutaneous pythiosis.
  • Surgical intervention is the primary treatment for vascular and ophthalmic forms.

Conclusions:

  • Pythiosis is a challenging infection requiring a multi-faceted treatment approach.
  • Early diagnosis and prompt, form-specific therapy, including surgical removal of infected tissue, are crucial for successful outcomes.

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