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Information on infraorbital nerve damage from multitesting of sensory function

J P Vriens1, H W van der Glas, F Bosman

  • 1West of Scotland Regional Plastic and Maxillofacial Surgery Unit, Bearsden, Glasgow, UK.

International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
|March 20, 1998
PubMed
Summary

Orbitozygomatic complex fractures can cause sensory disturbances. Closed reduction treatment correlated with permanent damage to sensory nerve fibers, unlike other treatments where damage varied.

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Area of Science:

  • Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
  • Neurosurgery
  • Ophthalmology

Background:

  • Orbitozygomatic complex fractures are significant injuries.
  • Sensory disturbances are a common sequela, impacting patient quality of life.
  • Understanding treatment effects on sensory nerve function is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate sensory disturbance patterns after orbitozygomatic complex fractures.
  • To compare sensory deficits across different treatment modalities.
  • To assess the impact of treatment on different sensory nerve fiber types.

Main Methods:

  • A cohort of 65 patients with orbitozygomatic complex fractures were analyzed.
  • Patients were categorized into four treatment groups: no surgery, closed reduction, open reduction with miniplates, and orbital floor reconstruction.

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  • Sensory function was evaluated using patient reports and objective tests (touch, two-point discrimination, cold sensitivity) on the cheek and upper lip approximately 6.3 months post-treatment.

    • Main Results:

    • Sensory disturbance severity varied depending on the testing method.
    • Patients treated with closed reduction showed high correlations between different sensory tests and sites, suggesting widespread nerve fiber damage.
    • Other treatment groups exhibited low correlations, indicating variable involvement and recovery of different sensory afferent fiber types.

    Conclusions:

    • Closed reduction for orbitozygomatic fractures is associated with a higher likelihood of permanent, widespread sensory nerve fiber damage.
    • Other surgical interventions (open reduction, reconstruction) result in more variable sensory deficits, suggesting potential for differential recovery.
    • Treatment choice significantly influences the pattern and extent of sensory disturbances following these complex facial fractures.