Development of metabolic shifts in structures of the spinal reflex arc in rats after space flight

The stage of structures of the spinal reflex arc was studied by methods of quantitative cytochemistry in rats after orbital space flights lasting 19.5 and 22.5 days; the RNA and cytoplasmic protein content was determined in spinal motoneurons and sensory neurons of the spinal ganglia, the composition of soluble proteins of the gray and white matter of the spinal cord and spinal ganglia was determined; the lactate dehydrogenase (LD) isozyme spectrum also was investigated in the spinal ganglia and muscles of the hind limbs. A decrease in the content of cytoplasmic proteins in the spinal motoneurons and neurons of the spinal ganglia and a decrease in the content of water-soluble proteins in the gray and white matter of the spinal cord were found 5-11 h after space flight lasting 19.5 days and during the first day after a space flight lasting 22.5 days. Significant changes in the activity of isozyme fractions LD1 and LD2 were found in homogenates of the spinal ganglia. On the 1st and 2nd days after flight the LD isozyme spectrum of the soleus muscle changed from "cardiac" to "intermediate" type. The changes discovered were evidently the result of functional underactivity of the skeletal muscles under conditions of weightlessness. An increase in the RNA content in the sensory and motor neurons and an increase in the content of water-soluble proteins in the gray matter of the spinal cord were found 25-27 days after the end of the space flights, probably a manifestation of readaptation of the animals to terrestrial conditions.