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[Bacterial strains isolated from neutropenic patients and their resistance to antibiotics]
1Ustav lékarské mikrobiologie LF UP, Olomouc.
Background:
Although Gram negative as well as Gram positive bacteria participate in febrile episodes of neutropenic patients, in particular recently the ratio of Gram positive bacteria is increasing. The objective of the present work was to investigate the incidence and antibiotic resistance of pathogenic bacterial agents in neutropenic patients.
Methods And Results:
The presence of bacteria was investigated in 446 neutropenic patients hospitalized at the Haematological Clinic in 1995. Haemocultures (apparatus Bact/Alert 120, cultivation media Organon-Teknika) and urine were examined. The sensitivity for antibiotics was tested by the standard dilution micromethod. In blood most frequently Staphylococcus epidermidis was isolated (45.4%), coagulase-negative strains of Staphylococcus haemolyticus, Staphylococcus hominis and Staphylococcus saprophyticus (14.4%), Acinetobacter calcoaceticus-baumannii (complex 6.3%) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (6.3%). In urine the following were detected: Staphylococcus epidermidis (36.5%), Enterococcus sp. (14.5%), Escherichia coli (13.1%), Enterococcus faecalis (11.6%) and Enterococcus solitarius (6.5%). In all strains resistance to antibiotics and chemotherapeutic drugs was assessed.
Conclusions:
Investigation of the frequency of different bacterial species, along with monitoring of the resistance is an essential prerequisite of initial antibiotic therapy of febrile episodes in neutropenic patients.
Insights
This study investigated bacterial infections in neutropenic patients, finding Staphylococcus epidermidis as the most common pathogen in both blood and urine. Monitoring bacterial resistance is crucial for effective antibiotic treatment in these vulnerable patients.
Area of Science:
- Medical Microbiology
- Hematology
- Infectious Diseases
Background:
- Febrile episodes in neutropenic patients involve both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria.
- A rising incidence of Gram-positive bacterial infections has been observed in neutropenic patients.
- This study aimed to determine the prevalence and antibiotic resistance patterns of bacterial pathogens in neutropenic individuals.
Observation:
- A total of 446 neutropenic patients were analyzed.
- Bacterial presence was assessed through blood cultures and urine examinations.
- Antibiotic sensitivity was determined using standard dilution micromethods.
Findings:
- Staphylococcus epidermidis was the most frequently isolated bacterium from blood (45.4%) and urine (36.5%).
- Other common blood isolates included coagulase-negative staphylococci, Acinetobacter calcoaceticus-baumannii, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
- In urine, Enterococcus species, Escherichia coli, and Enterococcus faecalis were also identified.
Implications:
- Understanding the frequency of bacterial species is vital for empirical antibiotic therapy.
- Continuous monitoring of antibiotic resistance is essential for managing febrile neutropenia.
- This data informs clinical decision-making for treating infections in immunocompromised patients.