Clinical evaluation of four dental amalgams over a three year period

The aim of this study was to compare the clinical durability of four dental amalgams. In each of eighty-two patients one class 2 cavity was restored with Dispersalloy (Johnson and Johnson) which served as the control and all the other class 2 cavities were randomly restored with one of the following amalgams: Amalgaphase, Amalga 43 (Amalgam Alloys-South Africa) or Permite C (Southern Dental Industries). Matrix bands were placed and Kalzinol bases and Polyvar varnishes applied in all cavities. The amalgams were mixed according to the manufacturers' instructions, the cavities overpacked with amalgam, condensed by hand, carved and then burnished with a ball burnisher. Twenty-four hours later all restorations were polished and colour photographs taken. The restorations were evaluated using the Ryge and Snyder (1973) evaluation system, as well as comparison of the colour photographs. The Fisher's Exact Test was used for the statistical analysis. The two South African manufactured amalgams compared well with the two imported amalgams. However, at the end of the third year the score for the marginal integrity of Amalgaphase, one of the local products, was significantly different (p < 0.083) and inferior to that of the control, Dispersalloy. Evidence is produced to suggest that over a three year period Amalgaphase performed better than Dispersalloy, Amalga 43 and Permite C.