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Clinical correlations with allelotype in supraglottic squamous cancer
S B Scholnick1, S K El-Mofty, M E Shaw
1Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, USA.
Summary
Researchers identified frequent allelic loss in squamous cell carcinomas of the supraglottic larynx, pinpointing chromosomal regions likely harboring tumor suppressor genes. Allelic loss on chromosome 13q is linked to aggressive tumor features, recurrence, and poorer survival.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Genetics
- Molecular Biology
Background:
- Frequent allelic loss at specific genetic loci in tumors indicates the presence of tumor suppressor genes nearby.
- This method aids in identifying novel tumor suppressor genes and tracking their status pre-cloning.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify chromosomal regions with frequent allelic loss in squamous cell carcinomas of the supraglottic larynx.
- To investigate the association between these allelic losses and tumor characteristics.
Main Methods:
- Utilized polymerase chain reaction and microsatellite analysis across 39 autosomal chromosomal arms.
- Performed allelotype analysis on squamous cell carcinomas of the supraglottic larynx.
- Correlated allelic loss data with clinical and histopathologic tumor features.
Main Results:
- Identified seven chromosomal arms (3p, 5q, 8p, 9p, 9q, 13q, 17p) with frequent allelic loss, suggesting the presence of tumor suppressor genes.
- No correlation found between allelic loss and T or N classifications.
- Allelic loss on chromosomal arm 13q significantly associated with poorly differentiated/aggressive histopathology, increased tumor recurrence, and poorer survival.
Conclusions:
- Seven chromosomal arms harbor tumor suppressor genes frequently inactivated in laryngeal squamous tumorigenesis.
- Allelic loss on 13q is a potential biomarker for aggressive laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma and predicts poor prognosis.