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Related Experiment Videos

The mirror effect and attention-likelihood theory: a reflective analysis

B B Murdock1

  • 1Department of Psychology, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada. murdock@psych.utoronto.ca

Journal of Experimental Psychology. Learning, Memory, and Cognition
|April 8, 1998
PubMed
Summary

The mirror effect in recognition memory may not require differential attention. This study shows that various statistical distributions and parameter values can explain this memory phenomenon.

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Memory Research
  • Decision Making

Background:

  • The mirror effect describes symmetric "strength" distributions in recognition memory.
  • Attention-likelihood theory posits differential attention causes old-item differences.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the mirror effect within attention-likelihood theory.
  • To investigate alternative explanations for the mirror effect.

Main Methods:

  • Theoretical analysis of the attention-likelihood model.
  • Examination of binomial, Poisson, and hypergeometric distributions.

Main Results:

  • Criticism regarding the likelihood-ratio decision rule complexity is unwarranted.
  • The mirror effect can be produced by distributions other than binomial.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Differential attention is not always necessary for the mirror effect.

    • Conclusions:

    • The mirror effect is robust and can be explained by multiple theoretical frameworks.
    • The underlying distributions and parameters significantly influence memory effects.