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Nurses, indirect trauma, and prevention

M L Clark1, S Gioro

  • 1Veterans Administration Medical and Regional Office Center, Togus, Maine 04330, USA.

Image--The Journal of Nursing Scholarship
|April 29, 1998
PubMed
Summary
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Nurses can experience vicarious trauma, a form of indirect trauma, which requires awareness of risk factors and prevention strategies. Understanding this phenomenon is crucial for both nurses and their clients in trauma work.

Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Nursing

Background:

  • Vicarious trauma, also known as indirect trauma, affects many nurses.
  • The insidious development of this trauma is often unrecognized by those affected.
  • Understanding the dynamics of indirect trauma is crucial in nursing practice.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the nature of vicarious or indirect trauma.
  • To discuss the risk factors associated with indirect trauma.
  • To explore prevention strategies for nurses experiencing vicarious trauma.

Main Methods:

  • A literature review was conducted covering the period 1974-1997.
  • Key terms included vicarious trauma, compassion fatigue, secondary traumatic stress disorder, and traumatic countertransference.
  • Short vignettes were used for illustrative purposes.

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Main Results:

  • Nurses informed about vicarious trauma are better equipped to manage its effects.
  • Maintaining a balance between personal and professional life is key for nurses in trauma work.
  • Proactive strategies are essential for mitigating the impact of indirect trauma.

Conclusions:

  • The implications of vicarious trauma for nurses and clients are significant and complex.
  • Thoughtful analysis and further research are needed to fully understand its effects.
  • Informed nurses who maintain life balance are best positioned to navigate trauma work hazards.