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MAP kinase-dependent pathways in cell cycle control

S L Pelech1, D L Charest

  • 1Biomedical Research Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.

Progress in Cell Cycle Research
|January 1, 1995
PubMed
Summary
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Mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) like Erk1 and Erk2 are crucial for cell cycle regulation. These proline-directed kinases operate in signaling modules, responding to external signals in eukaryotic cells.

Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) are proline-directed protein kinases.
  • MAPKs regulate cell cycle entry, progression, and exit in eukaryotic cells.
  • MAPKs function in conserved, sequentially activating kinase modules that transduce extracellular signals.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a paradigm for proline-directed protein kinases, focusing on Erk1 and Erk2.
  • To describe the characterized kinase modules in vertebrates.
  • To highlight the role of MAPKs in signal transduction pathways.

Main Methods:

  • Review of genetic and biochemical studies.
  • Analysis of signaling pathways involving specific kinases (e.g., Raf1, Mek1, Erk2, Rsk, Mekk, Sek, SAPK, MKK3, Hog, MAPKAPK-2).

Related Experiment Videos

  • Examination of signal transduction from extracellular stimuli.

    • Main Results:

    • Erk1 and Erk2 are key examples of MAPKs regulating the cell cycle.
    • Vertebrates possess at least three distinct MAPK kinase modules.
    • Specific pathways identified: Ras-Raf1-Mek1-Erk2-Rsk for mitogens, Mekk-Sek-SAPK for stress-induced c-Jun activation, and MKK3-Hog-MAPKAPK-2 for hsp27 phosphorylation.
    • Evidence from yeast suggests parallel or integrated kinase module systems.

    Conclusions:

    • MAPK pathways are fundamental for cellular responses to diverse stimuli.
    • These pathways are highly conserved across eukaryotic organisms.
    • Integrated and parallel kinase modules allow for complex cellular signaling networks.