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Related Experiment Videos

Human energy expenditure when walking on a moving platform

R Heus1, A H Wertheim, G Havenith

  • 1TNO Human Factors Research Institute, (Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research), Department of Work Environment, Soesterberg.

European Journal of Applied Physiology and Occupational Physiology
|April 30, 1998
PubMed
Summary

Working on a ship is more strenuous due to pitch and roll motions, increasing energy expenditure by 30%. This study measured physiological parameters to quantify the increased workload and fatigue associated with shipboard tasks.

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Area of Science:

  • Human Physiology
  • Ergonomics
  • Maritime Studies

Background:

  • Working at sea is often assumed to be more physically demanding than comparable work on land.
  • Understanding the physiological basis for this increased exertion is crucial for optimizing crew performance and well-being.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate and quantify the increased energy expenditure and physiological strain associated with walking on a moving platform simulating ship motion.
  • To compare the effects of different motion types (heave, pitch, roll) on energy cost.

Main Methods:

  • Twelve subjects walked on a motion simulator platform (treadmill or free walking) under stationary, heave, pitch, and roll conditions.
  • Physiological parameters including oxygen consumption (VO2), carbon dioxide production (VCO2), ventilation (VE), and heart rate (HR) were measured.

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  • Energy expenditure was calculated and compared across different motion conditions.

    • Main Results:

    • Pitch and roll motions significantly increased energy expenditure by approximately 30% compared to the stationary condition (3.6 J·kg⁻¹·m⁻¹ vs 2.5 J·kg⁻¹·m⁻¹).
    • Elevated heart rates (112 beats·min⁻¹ vs 103 beats·min⁻¹) supported the higher energy expenditure during pitch and roll.
    • Heave motion did not significantly increase energy expenditure compared to the stationary condition.
    • Free walking incurred a higher energy cost than treadmill walking under all conditions.

    Conclusions:

    • Walking on a pitching or rolling platform significantly increases energy expenditure and workload compared to stable or heaving conditions.
    • The increased muscular effort required for balance maintenance is the primary driver of higher energy costs.
    • These findings help explain the increased fatigue experienced during tasks performed on moving platforms, such as onboard ships.