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Synapse formation in the mouse olfactory bulb. I. Quantitative studies

J W Hinds, P L Hinds

    The Journal of Comparative Neurology
    |September 1, 1976
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Synapse formation in the mouse olfactory bulb occurs rapidly from embryonic day 14, with most adult synapse types present at birth. Both excitatory and inhibitory synapses develop concurrently during this crucial period of olfactory system maturation.

    Area of Science:

    • Neuroscience
    • Developmental Biology
    • Olfactory System Research

    Background:

    • Synapse formation is critical for neural circuit development.
    • The olfactory bulb is a key brain region for processing smell.
    • Understanding olfactory bulb development provides insights into sensory system maturation.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To quantitatively analyze synapse formation in the mouse olfactory bulb across development.
    • To determine the timing and types of synapses formed during olfactory bulb maturation.
    • To correlate synapse development with cellular and axonal migration events.

    Main Methods:

    • Quantitative analysis of serial sections from mouse olfactory bulbs.
    • Determination of volumetric synaptic density and absolute synapse numbers.

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  • Examination of 15 distinct developmental ages from embryonic day 14 to postnatal day 44.

    • Main Results:

    • Synapses first appear in significant numbers at embryonic day 15.
    • All adult synaptic types are present by birth, highlighting the importance of olfaction.
    • Synaptic density increases 50-100 fold, while absolute numbers increase 1000 fold during development.
    • Excitatory and inhibitory synapses form concurrently, with excitatory synapses appearing slightly earlier.

    Conclusions:

    • Olfactory bulb synapse formation is a rapid and complex process.
    • Developmental timing of synapses correlates with neuronal differentiation and migration.
    • The presence of diverse synapse types at birth underscores the early functional importance of olfaction in mice.