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Synapse formation in the mouse olfactory bulb. II. Morphogenesis

J W Hinds, P L Hinds

    The Journal of Comparative Neurology
    |September 1, 1976
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Isolated postsynaptic densities can independently form and convert into synapses in the developing mouse olfactory bulb. This suggests a novel pathway for central nervous system synapse formation during development.

    Area of Science:

    • Neuroscience
    • Developmental Biology
    • Cell Biology

    Background:

    • Synapse formation is crucial for neural circuit development.
    • The precise mechanisms and developmental sequences of synapse morphogenesis remain incompletely understood.
    • Olfactory bulb development provides a model system to study synaptogenesis.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the morphogenesis of synaptic junctions in the mouse olfactory bulb from embryonic day 14 (E14) to postnatal day 44 (P44).
    • To test the hypothesis that postsynaptic densities can form independently and subsequently mature into synapses.
    • To elucidate the developmental trajectory of olfactory axodendritic synaptogenesis, including the role of symmetrical and asymmetrical synapses.

    Main Methods:

    • Serial thin section electron microscopy of the mouse olfactory bulb.

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  • Morphological analysis of synaptic structures during development.
  • Quantitative assessment of synapse types and their distribution.
  • Correlation of synapse formation rates with developmental stages.

    • Main Results:

    • Structures resembling postsynaptic densities were observed independently before forming complete synapses.
    • Transition forms indicate a conversion process from isolated postsynaptic densities to synapses.
    • Symmetrical synapses were more prevalent on growth cones and correlated with new synapse formation rates.
    • The transformation from symmetrical to asymmetrical olfactory synapses takes approximately 9–10 hours.

    Conclusions:

    • The findings support a model where postsynaptic structures can develop independently before presynaptic specialization occurs.
    • Olfactory axodendritic synapses appear to mature through an initial symmetrical phase before becoming asymmetrical.
    • Regional variations in synapse formation sequences may result from differential rates of postsynaptic and presynaptic development.