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Necrotizing enterocolitis in term infants

R A Polin, P F Pollack, B Barlow

    The Journal of Pediatrics
    |September 1, 1976
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) affects term infants, not just premature ones. This study identified two term infant subgroups with NEC, suggesting a complex etiology beyond prematurity.

    Area of Science:

    • Neonatal Medicine
    • Pediatric Gastroenterology

    Background:

    • Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is primarily associated with premature infants.
    • However, a significant portion of NEC cases occur in term infants.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the characteristics and subgroups of term infants diagnosed with NEC.
    • To compare the histopathology and pathogenesis of NEC in term versus premature infants.

    Main Methods:

    • Retrospective review of term infants diagnosed with NEC over 20 years.
    • Analysis of clinical presentation, comorbidities, and disease onset.
    • Histopathological examination of affected intestinal tissue.

    Main Results:

    • 20% of NEC cases occurred in term infants.

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  • Two subgroups identified: those with congenital heart disease (early onset) and those with prolonged diarrhea (later onset).
  • Histopathology and pathogenesis in term infants mirror those in premature infants.

    • Conclusions:

    • NEC in term infants is not rare and presents distinct clinical patterns.
    • The underlying mechanisms of NEC in term infants are similar to those in premature infants.
    • This challenges the notion of NEC having a simple, singular cause.