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Related Experiment Videos

Stability of vitamin C (ascorbic acid) in tablets

S H Rubin, E DeRitter, J B Johnson

    Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences
    |July 1, 1976
    PubMed
    Summary

    Ascorbic acid (vitamin C) tablets are stable for over 5 years under normal storage. Decomposition products are minimal and pose no dietary hazard, debunking concerns about vitamin C tablet instability.

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    Area of Science:

    • Pharmaceutical Sciences
    • Nutritional Biochemistry

    Background:

    • Ascorbic acid (vitamin C) is essential, but its stability in tablet formulations is a concern.
    • Potential degradation products raise questions about safety and efficacy.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To assess the stability of ascorbic acid in various tablet formulations.
    • To identify and quantify decomposition products under storage and use conditions.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilized IR spectrophotometry, colorimetry, fluorometry, titrimetry, polarography, and chromatography.
    • Evaluated stability under normal storage and simulated use conditions.

    Main Results:

    • Ascorbic acid tablets exhibit over 5 years of stability (>95% potency) under normal storage.
    • Degradation products (dehydroascorbic acid, diketogulonic acid, oxalic acid) formed in small, non-hazardous amounts.
    • IR spectroscopy was unsuitable for quantitative potency assessment; titration, TLC, colorimetric, and polarographic methods showed good correlation.

    Conclusions:

    • Concerns regarding ascorbic acid tablet instability and harmful breakdown products are unfounded.
    • Standard analytical methods accurately confirm the stability and safety of vitamin C tablets.
    • Commercial ascorbic acid tablets are stable and safe for long-term dietary supplementation.

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