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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 25, 2026

Femoral Arterial and Venous Catheterization for Blood Sampling, Drug Administration and Conscious Blood Pressure and Heart Rate Measurements

Femoral Arterial and Venous Catheterization for Blood Sampling, Drug Administration and Conscious Blood Pressure and Heart Rate Measurements

Published on: January 24, 2012

Primary hyperaldosteronism causing posttransplantation hypertension: localization by adrenal vein sampling

H I Fahmy¹, J C Melby, D E Mesler

¹Department of Medicine, Boston Medical Center, MA, USA.

American Journal of Kidney Diseases : the Official Journal of the National Kidney Foundation

|May 20, 1998

Summary

Primary hyperaldosteronism can cause resistant hypokalemia and hypertension in kidney transplant patients. Adrenal vein sampling is crucial for diagnosing adrenal adenomas when imaging is inconclusive.

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A Novel Method: Super-selective Adrenal Venous Sampling

A Novel Method: Super-selective Adrenal Venous Sampling

Published on: September 15, 2017

Area of Science:

Nephrology
Endocrinology
Transplant Surgery

Background:

Persistent hypertension and hypokalemia are common post-kidney transplant complications.
Exclusion of allograft renal artery stenosis, rejection, and cyclosporine toxicity is essential.

Observation:

A 58-year-old male kidney transplant recipient presented with refractory hypokalemia and hypertension.
Biochemical analysis indicated primary hyperaldosteronism, but initial MRI showed normal adrenal anatomy.

Findings:

Adrenal vein sampling successfully lateralized a left adrenal adenoma.
Surgical removal of the adenoma resolved hypokalemia and improved blood pressure control.

Implications:

Resistant hypokalemia and post-transplant hypertension warrant investigation for primary hyperaldosteronism.
Adrenal vein sampling is a valuable tool for diagnosing adrenal pathology when imaging is negative.