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Contact hypersensitivity to tixocortol pivalate
M E Lutz1, R A el-Azhary, L E Gibson
1Department of Dermatology, Mayo Clinic and Mayo Foundation, Rochester, Minnesota 55905, USA.
Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology
|May 20, 1998
Summary
The prevalence of tixocortol pivalate hypersensitivity in the US is 2.9%, similar to Europe. Patients with this allergy often have other contact allergies and facial dermatitis.
Area of Science:
- Dermatology
- Allergology
- Contact Dermatitis
Background:
- Tixocortol pivalate is a known marker for topical corticosteroid allergy.
- Its prevalence is established in Europe but unknown in the United States.
- Tixocortol pivalate is not commercially available in the US.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the prevalence of tixocortol pivalate hypersensitivity in a US patch-test population.
- To characterize patients with tixocortol pivalate hypersensitivity.
- To investigate associations with clinical background and other contact allergens.
Main Methods:
- Tixocortol pivalate was included in the standard 1-52 patch test series from November 1992 to December 1996.
- Patient histories and patch test results were reviewed.
- Further testing with an extended corticosteroid panel was performed on a subset of patients.
Main Results:
- Hypersensitivity to tixocortol pivalate was found in 2.9% (45/1536) of patients.
- Facial dermatitis was the most common presentation.
- 40 out of 45 patients had other identified contact allergens.
- 14 out of 18 patients tested had sensitivity to other corticosteroid agents.
Conclusions:
- The prevalence of tixocortol pivalate hypersensitivity in the US is comparable to European rates.
- Facial dermatitis and coexisting contact allergies are associated with tixocortol pivalate hypersensitivity.
- Patients with tixocortol pivalate allergy often exhibit sensitivity to other allergens.