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Histologic study of pulp capping using chlorhexidine in dogs

G P Thomas1, J B Boyd, N N Soni

  • 1Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Howard University, USA.

NDA Journal
|July 1, 1995
PubMed
Summary
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Chlorhexidine and calcium hydroxide showed good pulp tolerance initially. However, severe inflammation occurred with calcium hydroxide at nine weeks, unlike chlorhexidine.

Area of Science:

  • Dentistry
  • Histology
  • Biomaterials

Background:

  • Pulp capping aims to preserve pulp vitality.
  • Chlorhexidine and calcium hydroxide are common pulp capping agents.
  • Histological evaluation is crucial for assessing pulp response.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the histological pulp reactions to chlorhexidine and calcium hydroxide after direct pulp capping.
  • To evaluate the long-term effects of these agents on dental pulp tissue.

Main Methods:

  • Twenty beagle dog premolars underwent mechanical pulp exposure.
  • Pulp was capped with 0.2% chlorhexidine or Dycal (calcium hydroxide).
  • Teeth were extracted at 3, 6, 9 weeks, and 3 months for histological analysis.

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Main Results:

  • Both agents were well-tolerated at 3 and 6 weeks, with normal odontoblastic layers and no inflammation.
  • Severe inflammatory response observed with calcium hydroxide at 9 weeks.
  • Complete loss of pulpal architecture and regressive changes noted by 3 months for both groups.

Conclusions:

  • Chlorhexidine demonstrated a potentially more favorable initial pulp response compared to calcium hydroxide.
  • Long-term pulpal degeneration occurred with both treatments, suggesting limitations in current pulp capping materials.
  • Further research is needed to develop more effective pulp regeneration strategies.