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Exercise-induced asthma

L A Wilkerson1

  • 1Center for Family Practice & Sports Medicine, Kissimmee, FL 34741-4100, USA.

The Journal of the American Osteopathic Association
|May 22, 1998
PubMed
Summary

Exercise-induced asthma causes temporary breathing difficulty after exertion. Beta 2-agonists are the primary treatment, with other medications offering alternative or additive benefits for managing this common condition.

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Area of Science:

  • Pulmonology
  • Sports Medicine
  • Allergy and Immunology

Background:

  • Exercise-induced asthma (EIA) is transient airflow obstruction occurring 5-15 minutes post-exertion.
  • EIA affects 90% of individuals with asthma and 12-15% of the global population.
  • Prevalence in athletes ranges from 3% to 11%.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To summarize the characteristics, etiology, and treatment of exercise-induced asthma.
  • To highlight the prevalence and impact of EIA in general and athletic populations.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on exercise-induced asthma.
  • Analysis of diagnostic criteria, including a 15% decrease in FEV1 or PEFR.
  • Examination of proposed etiological theories and current therapeutic strategies.

Main Results:

  • EIA is characterized by significant decreases in forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) or peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR).
  • Etiologies include respiratory heat/water loss, hyperventilation, and airway rewarming.
  • Pharmacologic treatment, particularly beta 2-agonists, is the cornerstone of EIA management.

Conclusions:

  • Beta 2-specific agonists are the preferred pharmacologic treatment for EIA.
  • Cromolyn sodium and nedocromil sodium serve as alternatives or adjuncts.
  • Combined therapies can enhance treatment efficacy for exercise-induced asthma.

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