[IgD plasmacytoma--observations in 5 patients]

Area of Science:

• Hematology
• Oncology
• Nephrology

Background:

• Plasmacytoma IgD is a rare plasma cell neoplasm.
• Understanding its clinical presentation and diagnostic challenges is crucial.

Observation:

• Five cases of plasmacytoma IgD are presented, affecting both males and females across a range of ages.
• All patients exhibited Bence Jones protein in urine, with light lambda or kappa chain involvement.
• Diagnostic methods included bone marrow puncture, immunochemical analysis, and skeletal X-rays.

Findings:

• Multiple osteolytic bone lesions and myeloma kidney were consistently observed.
• Renal biopsy proved essential in two cases initially misdiagnosed as glomerulonephritis.
• Three patients had extraosseous organ involvement, and one developed amyloidosis.

Implications:

• Plasmacytoma IgD can present with aggressive clinical courses and rapid progression.
• Early and accurate diagnosis, integrating various laboratory and imaging techniques, is vital.
• This highlights the importance of considering rare plasma cell disorders in renal failure patients.